Apply Critical Sections Consistently
- Critical sections are the One True Tool for guaranteeing mutual exclusion on shared variables. Like most tools, these must be applied consistently, and with the intended meanings.
- http://www.ddj.com/cpp/202401098

Concurrency with Erlang
- To avoid problems with shared state working with multiple threads, Vinoski recommends a programming language like Erlang rather than C++ or Java.
- http://dsonline.computer.org/portal/site/dsonline/menuitem.9ed3d9924aeb0dcd82ccc6716bbe36ec/index.jsp?&pName=dso_level1&path=dsonline/2007/10&file=w5tow.xml&xsl=article.xsl&

The Pillars of Concurrency
- This article makes the case that a consistent mental model is needed to talk about concurrency.
- http://www.ddj.com/dept/cpp/200001985

Multi-threaded Debugging Techniques
- Describes a number of general purpose debugging techniques for multi-threaded applications.
- http://www.ddj.com/dept/cpp/199200938

Generic Synchronization Policies in C++
- Most uses of synchronization code in multi-threaded applications fall into a small number of high-level “usage patterns”, or what can be called generic synchronization policies (GSPs). This paper illustrates how the use of such GSPs simplify the writi
- http://www.ciaranmchale.com/gsp/

comp.programming.threads FAQ
- Frequently asked questions (by Bryan O'Sullivan).
- http://www.serpentine.com/blog/threads-faq/

Portable Thread Synchronization using C++
- Provides example C++ classes implementing a series of synchronization objects useful for building portable (Solaris and Win32) multithreaded applications.
- http://www.frostbytes.com/~jimf/papers/c++sync/c++sync.html

Lock-free Interprocess Communication
- Interprocess communication is an essential component of modern software engineering. Often, lock-free IPC is accomplished via special processor commands. This article propose a communication type that requires only atomic writing of processor word from pr
- http://www.ddj.com/dept/cpp/189401457

volatile - Multithreaded Programmer's Best Friend
- Discusses the usage of the volatile keyword in multithreaded C++ programs.
- http://www.ddj.com/dept/cpp/184403766

The Problem with Threads
- Argues that for concurrent programming to become mainstream, threads must be discarded as a programming model. Nondeterminism should be judiciously and carefully introduced where needed, and it should be explicit in programs.
- http://www.computer.org/portal/site/computer/menuitem.5d61c1d591162e4b0ef1bd108bcd45f3/index.jsp?&pName=computer_level1_article&TheCat=1005&path=computer/homepage/0506&file=cover.xml&xsl=article.xsl&

The Free Lunch Is Over: A Fundamental Turn Toward Concurrency in Software
- The biggest sea change in software development since the OO revolution is knocking at the door, and its name is Concurrency.
- http://www.gotw.ca/publications/concurrency-ddj.htm

It's (Not) All Been Done
- Every decade or so there is a major revolution in the way software is developed. But, unlike the object and web revolutions, the concurrency revolution can be seen coming.
- http://www.gotw.ca/publications/guest-ed-200609.htm

Software and the Concurrency Revolution
- Focuses on the implications of concurrency for software and its consequences for both programming languages and programmers. (Herb Sutter and James Larus)
- http://acmqueue.com/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=332

Protothreads
- Very lightweight stackless threads; give linear code execution for event-driven systems, designed to use little memory; library is pure C, no platform-specific Assembly; usable with or without OS. Open source, BSD-type license.
- http://www.sics.se/~adam/pt/

Concurrent Programming: Principles and Practice
- This book provides an in-depth overview of underlying principles as well as practical techniques that can be used to design concurrent programs. (Greg Andrews)
- http://www.aw-bc.com/catalog/academic/product/0,1144,0805300864,00.html

Foundations of Multithreaded, Parallel, and Distributed Programming
- This book teaches the fundamental concepts of multithreaded, parallel and distributed computing. Emphasizes how to solve problems, with correctness the primary concern and performance an important, but secondary, concern. (Gregory R. Andrews)
- http://www.aw-bc.com/catalog/academic/product/0,1144,0201357526,00.html

Await && Locks
- An expressive C++ thread synchronization library.
- http://await.sourceforge.net/

State Threads Library
- Small application library for writing fast, highly scalable Internet programs on Unix-like platforms. Open source, MPL or GPL.
- http://state-threads.sourceforge.net/

Priority Inheritance Protocols
- Use of synchronization mechanisms like semaphores, monitors, and critical regions can lead to uncontrolled priority inversion. [PDF file]
- http://www-md.e-technik.uni-rostock.de/ma/gol/rtsys-bib/90-toc-pcp.pdf

Fundamentals of Multithreading
- Technical article, covering Amdahl's Law, latencies and bandwidth, on-chip multiprocessing, Jackson technology, and simultaneous multithreading. (SystemLogic.net)
- http://www.slcentral.com/articles/01/6/multithreading/

Introduction to Priority Inversion
- Gives an introduction to priority inversion and shows a pair of techniques to avoid them.
- http://www.embedded.com/story/OEG20020321S0023

A Thread Performance Comparison
- Compares Windows NT and Solaris on a symmetric multiprocessor machine.
- http://www.usenix.org/publications/library/proceedings/usenix-nt98/full_papers/zabatta/zabatta_html/zabatta.html

ZThreads
- An advanced object-oriented, cross-platform C++ threading and synchronization library. [GPL]
- http://zthread.sourceforge.net/

RT++
- Higher order threads for C++; tutorial and reference manual.
- http://www.risc.uni-linz.ac.at/software/rt++/

Survey of Threads
- Comparing Solaris, Linux, and Windows NT threads.
- http://www.northco.net/chenke/project/project2.html

Bibliography on Threads and Multithreading
- Part of the Computer Science Bibliography Collection.
- http://liinwww.ira.uka.de/bibliography/Os/threads.html